When installing natural stone pavers, what you put underneath them is just as important as the pavers themselves. A well-prepared base ensures your pavers stay level, resist shifting, and maintain their beauty for years to come. Whether you’re laying a patio, pathway, or driveway, here’s what you need to know about building a proper foundation.
1. Excavation: Start with a Clean Slate
Before anything else, clear the area of grass, roots, and debris. Excavate the ground to the appropriate depth, typically:
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4–6 inches for pedestrian walkways or patios
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8–12 inches for driveways or heavy-use areas
Be sure to account for the height of your pavers and the base materials.
2. Geotextile Fabric (Optional, but Recommended)
For added stability and to prevent weeds or soil mixing with your base, lay a geotextile fabric over the excavated area. This is especially helpful in areas with clay soils or poor drainage.
3. Base Layer: Crushed Stone or Road Base
The most critical layer is the crushed stone base, often called “road base” or “crusher run.” This layer:
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Provides drainage
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Supports heavy loads
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Prevents pavers from settling unevenly
Recommended material: Crushed stone (typically ¾” down to dust)
Depth: 4–8 inches, depending on use
Tip: Compact the base in 2-inch layers using a plate compactor for maximum stability.
4. Leveling Layer: Bedding Sand
Over the compacted base goes a thin layer of sharp bedding sand (concrete sand or paving sand). This layer allows for precise leveling and helps lock the pavers in place.
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Depth: 1 inch (no more)
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Important: Do not compact the sand before laying the pavers
Use screed rails or pipes to smooth and level the sand evenly.
5. Laying the Pavers
Now it’s time to lay your beautiful natural stone pavers! Place them carefully in the pattern of your choice, keeping a consistent joint spacing. Use edge restraints to hold everything in place and prevent shifting.
6. Joint Sand and Final Compaction
Once the pavers are laid:
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Sweep joint sand (polymeric or regular sand) into the gaps
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Compact the pavers again to set them into the bedding sand and lock them into place
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Sweep additional sand to fill joints as needed
Final Thoughts
A well-prepared base is key to the longevity and performance of your natural stone paver installation. W not only supply premium natural stone pavers, but we’re also here to help with expert advice every step of the way.
Need help choosing the right materials or calculating how much base to order? Contact us today — we’re happy to help bring your outdoor space to life!